Collaborative Practice Agreement · NP
Vermont Formal Collaborative Provider Agreement for Nurse Practitioners
Required. The Formal Collaborative Provider Agreement is the written instrument Vermont law names for a Nurse Practitioner working with a physician. Below: the board that governs it, what it must contain, and the terms it has to carry.
Uniform APRN transition-to-practice threshold (26 V.S.A. § 1614) — after meeting it, an NP practices without any collaborative-agreement requirement.
Independent practice requires: ≥2 years and ≥2,400 hours of practice under a collaborative agreement (≥1,600 hours over ≥12 months if adding a second APRN certification).
What a Vermont Formal Collaborative Provider Agreement must contain
Governed by the Vermont Board of Nursing and the Vermont Board of Pharmacy. Each numbered item is a statutory requirement the agreement must satisfy.
Unless the Nurse Practitioner has completed twenty-four (24) months and two thousand four hundred (2,400) hours of licensed, active advanced practice nursing in the Nurse Practitioner's initial role and population focus, or twelve (12) months and one thousand six hundred (1,600) hours for any additional role and population focus, the Nurse Practitioner shall practice pursuant to a formal collaborative provider agreement with the Physician, as required by 26 V.S.A. § 1613. During that period, the Nurse Practitioner may not practice in a setting without additional advanced practice registered nurses or licensed physicians available to provide mentoring, consultation, or advisement.
The Nurse Practitioner shall maintain a signed and dated copy of the collaborative provider agreement, and, once the transition to practice is complete, shall retain a copy of the Board of Nursing form attesting to that completion.
- The Formal Collaborative Provider Agreement on file also carries 1 scope, 1 education, 1 registration clauses, generated in the document itself.
Terms it has to carry
Ratio, proximity, chart review, meeting and prescribing terms the agreement has to carry, from the state's supervision rules.
Proximity
below the 2,400-hour/2-year transition-to-practice threshold: Available remotely (no on-site requirement)
No codified mile/minute radius or on-site requirement was found; the collaborating provider (a physician or another qualified APRN of the same role/population focus with an unencumbered license) need only be available per the collaborative agreement's terms.
Supervision ratio
Not codified — no cap on file
Chart review
Not codified — left to the agreement
Meeting cadence
Not codified — left to the agreement
Prescriptive authority
Covered by the practice agreement · controlled substances permitted
No schedule-specific numeric restriction tied to transition status was found beyond the general collaborative-agreement requirement below threshold.
Written agreement
Required
Practice ownership (corporate practice of medicine)
Licensee-only ownership required — Professional Corporation under 11 V.S.A. ch. 4 — NPs are widely described as able to own their own practice entity given Vermont's full-practice-authority trajectory, though H.583 (eff. July 1, 2026, see state-level notes) newly imposes majority-licensee ownership/governance conditions on 'medical practices' generally — whether/how that reaches NP-only practices was not separately confirmed.
Legal sources for these rules (3)
About Vermont's rules
H.583 (signed June 15, 2026, eff. July 1, 2026) newly restricts private-equity/hedge-fund control and requires majority physician ownership/governance of medical practices — a major shift from Vermont's historically permissive, no-common-law-CPOM stance. All 4 APRN roles (NP, CRNA, CNM, CNS/PMHNP) share one 2,400-hour/2-year transition-to-practice threshold (26 V.S.A. § 1614) — treat as newly in effect and monitor implementing guidance.
Other clinicians in Vermont: see the state overview.